Tariff-Induced Inflation Begins to Take Hold: Economists Expect Further Price Increases

The latest Consumer Price Index (CPI) report from the Labor Department’s Bureau of Labor Statistics has shown the first signs of tariff pass-through, with inflation rising 0.3% in June. This increase, the largest since January, is likely to be the starting point of a long-anticipated uptick in inflation driven by the sweeping import duties announced by President Donald Trump in April.

Economists have been warning that the effects of the tariffs would take time to materialize, and the June CPI report appears to confirm this expectation. Businesses had been selling merchandise accumulated before the tariffs were announced, which helped to keep prices stable in the short term. However, as these inventories are depleted, the full impact of the tariffs is expected to become more evident in the July and August CPI reports.

The experience with tariffs on washing machines in 2018 provides a precedent for this delayed effect. At that time, it took several months for the duties to show up in the inflation data, and economists are expecting a similar pattern to emerge this time around.

The June CPI report showed increases in various categories, including food prices, which rose 0.3% to match the increase in May. Grocery store prices also advanced 0.3%, driven by a 1.4% increase in the costs of nonalcoholic beverages and a 2.2% jump in coffee prices. These price increases are likely due to higher import duties, which are being passed on to consumers.

Other categories that saw significant price increases include fruits and vegetables, which cost 0.9% more, and beef prices, which jumped 2.0%. The cost of food consumed away from home rose 0.4%, while gasoline prices rebounded 1.0% after four straight monthly declines.

Rental costs also contributed to the overall increase in inflation, with the cost of shelter rising 0.3%. This reflects the ongoing trend of rising housing costs, which has been driven by a combination of factors, including limited supply and strong demand.

The tariff-exposed goods, which saw significant price increases in June, are likely to be the first of greater price pressures to come. As the effects of the tariffs continue to ripple through the economy, economists expect to see further increases in inflation, which could have implications for consumer spending and economic growth.